List all Tracks

AR-based monitoring of instrumentation in the operating room

• Luigi Duraccio

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AR-based monitoring of instrumentation in the operating room

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ABSTRACT

This paper proposes an augmented reality (AR)-based system for monitoring patient’s vitals in the operating room (OR) is proposed. An optical seethrough (OST) headset, worn by the anesthetist or by the OR nurses, shows in real-time the patient’s vitals acquired from the electromedical equipment available in the OR. A dedicated application was developed to allow a hands-free fruition of the AR content. Experimental tests were carried out acquiring the vital parameters from two pieces of equipment typically available in the OR, namely a ventilator and a monitor. The experimental assessment of the transmission error rate and of latency demonstrated the reliability of the proposed AR-based monitoring system.

PRESENTER

Luigi Duraccio
ARHeMLab

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A new CS method for ECG signal

• Jan Saliga

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A new CS method for ECG signal

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ABSTRACT

Compressed sensing (CS) is a modern method reducing amount of transferred and stored data which have been applied for many types of signals fulfilling sparsity requirements. Electrocardiogram signals (ECG) is one of such signals. In this paper a completely patient-agnostic compressed sensing and reconstruction technique for ECG signals is proposed. A modified sensing method incorporating a QRS detector is used to guarantee the exact R wave positions in the reconstructed signal for any level of compression. For the signal reconstruction a novel method using a dynamic ECG signal model is described, in which the model parameters are found using the Differential Evolution optimization algorithm. Reconstruction quality is evaluated using the MIT-BIH arrhythmia database, and compared against wavelet dictionary reconstruction methods showing better reconstruction quality for compression ratios above 5.

PRESENTER

Jan Saliga
Technical University of Kosice

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Smart IoT system for remote patient monitoring

• Federica Crauso

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Smart IoT system for remote patient monitoring

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ABSTRACT

This paper addresses the design and development of a system for remote patient monitoring, employing low-cost sensors and internet of things (IoT) technologies. The proposed remote-monitoring system is intended for patient with lung diseases. In fact, the system includes a dedicated Android application (called EcO2u), which manages data collection related to heart rate (HR) and oxygen saturation (SpO2). The developed application also implements a face-detection function, which allows the identification of the remote patient. The patient’s vitals collected by the sensor are sent to and stored in a database, which can be easily consulted (by the patient and by the doctor) through the aforementioned dedicated application.

PRESENTER

Federica Crauso
Università di Napoli Federico II

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EEG-Based Attention Assessment in Motor-Rehabilitation

• Mirco Frosolone

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EEG-Based Attention Assessment in Motor-Rehabilitation

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ABSTRACT

A wireless and wearable device with a low number of channels and dry electrodes is proposed for EEG-based attention assessment during motor-rehabilitation tasks. The system is a part of an instrument for real-time engagement assessment in rehabilitation 4.0. An experimental campaign on nine volunteers was realized for metrologically characterizing the system. Common Spatial Pattern (CSP) algorithm was used for features selection from the brain signal. The performance of three different supervised classifiers for distracted and non-distracted conditions were compared. The higher accuracy, 71.63 3.43 %, was obtained by the k-Nearest Neighbors classifier.

PRESENTER

Mirco Frosolone
Università di Napoli Federico II

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Recent Development in IoMT based Biomedical Measurement Systems: a Review

• Ahmed Imran

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Recent Development in IoMT based Biomedical Measurement Systems: a Review

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ABSTRACT

Biomedical Measurement System (BMS) has provided new solutions for health-care monitoring and the diagnosis of various chronic diseases. With the growing demand of BMS in the field of medical application, researchers have a great deal of attention to bring advancement in these systems such as IoMT based BMS, which aims to improve the bio-processes, healthcare system, and technology for biomedical equipment. This paper is a state of the art review that presents the recent activities towards the development of IoMT based BMS for various medical applications. Thus, it leads to overcome the traceability issues of the recent developments in this field. The article presents, how different methods/ approaches are used to develop these systems, and what is their accuracy for the particular healthcare applications. The paper also discusses the shortcomings and challenges that need to be addressed within the current scenario, along with some possible solutions for future research activities.

PRESENTER

Ahmed Imran
Università del Sannio

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Derivation and Calibration of a Cardiovascular Risk Score for Occupational Medicine

• Giuseppina Affinito

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Derivation and Calibration of a Cardiovascular Risk Score for Occupational Medicine

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ABSTRACT

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the most prevalent causes of long-term sickness absence from work, and the working environment can contribute to its impact on workers’ health. The aim of this study is to develop, validate, and compare scores to measure the risk of diagnosis of unsuitability for work. A cohort of workers employed by the municipalities of Naples was examined, as part of their scheduled occupational health surveillance, at the occupational health outpatient clinic of the Department of Public Health of the University of Naples ”Federico II” between January 2006 and December 2016. Cox proportional hazards models were used in the cohort to derive risk equations for the assessment of the 10-year risk of diagnosis of unsuitability for work. Two models were developed: (i) Model A, including all the variables of the Multivariable Cox Model, and (ii) Model B, with only the variables statistically significant at the .05. The Akaikes Information Criterion was used to compare fit and performance of the different models in the derivation cohort. The above analysis proved that the model B was the better predictor of diagnosis of unsuitability for work and should be used as a clinical tool for the assessment of fitness for work in health surveillance.

PRESENTER

Giuseppina Affinito
ARHeMLab

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Automated testing system for electro-mechanical actuators used in aviation

• Ondrej Hanus

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Automated testing system for electro-mechanical actuators used in aviation

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ABSTRACT

This article presents an automated testing system for electromechanical actuators used in aviation. The paper describes the parameters and properties of the system and the possibilities of its use. Based on the data obtained from the system, a method for detecting actuator jam is proposed.

PRESENTER

Ondrej Hanus
CTU in Prague

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THD Uncertainty Estimation for Inductive Current Transformers Using the Accuracy Class Information

• Alessandro Mingotti

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THD Uncertainty Estimation for Inductive Current Transformers Using the Accuracy Class Information

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ABSTRACT

The Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) measurement is among the key elements to assess the power quality of a network. However, the Standards does not provide sufficient information to evaluate the uncertainty related to THD, neither voltage nor current one. Therefore, this work tackles the uncertainty estimation of the current THD measured by off-the-shelf inductive current transformers. The uncertainty computation is performed by a consolidated expression presented by the authors. Finally, the actual measurements of THD and the computation of its uncertainty are compared with those estimates with the presented expression.

PRESENTER

Alessandro Mingotti
Università di Bologna

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A TMR based triaxial ECT probe

• Antonio Rasile

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A TMR based triaxial ECT probe

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ABSTRACT

The paper proposes the improvement of an eddy current probe for non-destructive testing applied to the defect investigation on conductive materials. The goal is to increase the defects detection sensitivity regardless of the mutual orientation between the defect and the sensing axis of the probe while the test is performed. In particular, the paper describes the realization of a suitable triaxial magnetic field detection system based on three single axis TMR (Tunnel Magnetoresistance Effect) sensors assembled on an eddy current probe. A probe performance evaluation was carried out on two aluminium plates with surface and subsurface cracks of 8 mm considering different mutual orientations between the cracks and the probe direction.

PRESENTER

Antonio Rasile
University of Cassino

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A simplified procedure for the Accurate Frequency Response Identification of Voltage Transformers

• Palma Sara Letizia

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A simplified procedure for the Accurate Frequency Response Identification of Voltage Transformers

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ABSTRACT

The paper proposes a simplified and affordable procedure for instrument transformers frequency characterization for medium voltage applications. It consists of a two steps measurement procedure, where both steps involve the generation of sine waves only, so that the it can be easily performed in instrument transformers calibration laboratories without requiring additional generation features. In the first step, a 50 Hz measurement of the Voltage Instrument Transformer ratio error at rated voltage is performed. The second step consists of a frequency sweep performed at low voltage up to the first resonance. By these two data sets, an approximated but accurate frequency response can be easily obtained using a non-linear fitted model. In the paper, a commercial voltage instrument transformer for medium voltage grids is characterized by the proposed method; results are shown and validated by comparison with a reference frequency characterization performed at INRIM under rated voltage.

PRESENTER

Palma Sara Letizia
INRIM POLITO

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Development and characterization of a fiber Bragg grating ethanol sensor for liquids

• Antonino Quattrocchi

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Development and characterization of a fiber Bragg grating ethanol sensor for liquids

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ABSTRACT

This paper reports some very first results about the development and the metrological evaluation of a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) ethanol sensor, able to work into liquid solutions. The sensing device is established by dip-coating a single-mode silica FBG with a poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) coating film. The thickness of the sensing coating was set by means of a deposition system able to control the rising/dipping rate of the FBG in the PMMA solution. Tests were performed in a range spanning from 3% to 40% in v/v of ethanol in water in order to investigate the device response. In particular, dynamic performance in terms of response and recovery time values were also estimated.

PRESENTER

Antonino Quattrocchi
University of Messina, Italy

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Fast Calibration Procedure for Low Power Voltage Transformers up to 2.5 kHz using Sinc response

• Ghaderi Abbas

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Fast Calibration Procedure for Low Power Voltage Transformers up to 2.5 kHz using Sinc response

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ABSTRACT

The progressive deployment of Low Power Instrument Transformers in power network for measurement purposes requires studies on their characterization and on the effect of different quantities on their accuracy. In this paper, a fast calibration procedure is introduced. By using a sinc signal, a Low Power Voltage Transformer has been characterized in the power quality frequency range (50 Hz to 2.5 kHz) under the rated voltage conditions.

PRESENTER

Ghaderi Abbas
Università di Bologna

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Design of digital sampling impedance bridge for battery impedance spectroscopy

• Stanislav Mašláň

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Design of digital sampling impedance bridge for battery impedance spectroscopy

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ABSTRACT

The paper describes design of a digital sampling impedance bridge dedicated for battery impedance spectroscopy. It suggests topologies capable of measurement of sub-milliohm impedances in full complex plane. Paper also shows measurement uncertainty contributions of the digitizer nonlinearity and coaxial network of the bridge including parasitic inductive and capacitive couplings in the network. Combined uncertainty of the bridge with common NI 9238 digitizer ranges from less than 20 μW/W to order of 0.01% for voltage drop above 1mV at the measured standard in a frequency range 0.01 Hz to 5 kHz. Angular errors can be as low as 1 μrad for frequencies below 1 kHz when measured voltage drops exceed 10mV. The paper also presents experimental measurements showing capability to measure low impedances from 0.01 Hz to 5 kHz.

PRESENTER

Stanislav Mašláň
Czech metrology institute

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A Fast and Simple Broadband EIS Measurement System for Li-Ion Batteries

• Alessio De Angelis

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A Fast and Simple Broadband EIS Measurement System for Li-Ion Batteries

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ABSTRACT

The application of a low-complexity current generator circuit and multisine signals for Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) of Li-Ion batteries is presented. The proposed system is comprised of a Howland current pump driven by a general-purpose multifunction DAQ, which provides the excitation signal and acquires current and voltage waveforms from the battery under test. The presented results show that the proposed system can provide comparable results with respect to a reference instrument and potentially obtain a reduction in measurement time with respect to a single sine excitation method.

PRESENTER

Alessio De Angelis
Università degli Studi di Perugia

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A Real-Time Smart Charge Controller to efficiency charge processes of LiFePO4 batteries

• Filippo Ruffa

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A Real-Time Smart Charge Controller to efficiency charge processes of LiFePO4 batteries

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ABSTRACT

This paper aims to describe an embedded Real Time measurement and control system, based on an innovative, dynamic circuital model for LiFePO4 batteries, which allows to improve the overall efficiency of charge processes and to extend battery life. In applications such as electric traction and stationary storage, where the battery performances are critical, it is essential to have a smart management of the energy flows to improve the Quality of Service and to reduce costs. The smart charge controller proposed in this paper uses a dynamical 2nd order circuital model to simulate the battery behavior during charge processes: the algorithm analyzes the relative error between the expected and the measured data and adapt the I-V setpoint dynamically to keep the relative error in a certain window. This lets to reduce the effects of the harmful higher order phenomena, such as gassing, so leading to an improvement in battery efficiency and lifetime.

PRESENTER

Filippo Ruffa
Università di Reggio Calabria

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High capacitance simulation using mutual inductors

• Stanislav Mašláň

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High capacitance simulation using mutual inductors

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ABSTRACT

This paper describes experimental high capacitance simulator based on a mutual inductance. The standard was designed for calibration of battery impedance analyzers (EIS). The designed standard is equipped by a DC bias voltage source designed to simulate typical lithium battery cell. The DC bias source was designed so it does not affect properties of simulated impedance by its own internal impedance. The whole standard was designed for a frequency range from fraction of hertz to at least 5 kHz and it can withstand peak measurement current up to 2.5 A.

PRESENTER

Stanislav Mašláň
Czech metrology institute

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Distance Calibration of Large PCB Induction-Coil Arrays in ActiveMode

• Melvin Liebsch

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Distance Calibration of Large PCB Induction-Coil Arrays in ActiveMode

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ABSTRACT

Rotating and translating coil systems for magnetic measurement of particle accelerator magnets rely on induction-coil arrays often built in printed circuit board technology. For the accurate calculation of field gradients from induced voltages, the distances between the coils need to be calibrated. In this paper we present a calibration approach, based on the operation of the PCB in active mode, i.e., exciting the coils with a small current. The resulting flux density distribution is scanned with a uni-axial Hall probe, translated by the stages of a coordinatemeasuring machine (CMM). The proposed calibration approach does not rely on field absolutes. Geometric coil distances are computed only from zero crossings of the measured signal. In this way, a low field sensor calibration can be avoided and systematic errors are reduced.

PRESENTER

Melvin Liebsch
CERN

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A Mechanical Analysis of Rotating-Coil Magnetometers

• Stefano Sorti

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A Mechanical Analysis of Rotating-Coil Magnetometers

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ABSTRACT

Rotating-coil magnetometers are among the most common and most accurate transducers for measuring the integral magnetic-field harmonics in accelerator magnets. The measurement uncertainty depends on the mechanical properties of the shafts, bearings, drive systems, and supports. In this paper we study the mechanical phenomena (static and dynamic) affecting rotating-coil measurements and propose analysis and diagnostic methods for improving the instrument in terms of material choice and geometrical design. The propagation of uncertainty is investigated on the measured quantities (induced voltages, integrated and developed into a Fourier series, the coefficients of which are know as field harmonics). This results in a consistent framework for the design of a measurement bench for rotating-coil magnetometers. The paper also presents the design of a complete system, including displacement stages, supports, rotating coils, and an angular position system.

PRESENTER

Stefano Sorti
CERN

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Magnetic properties of a nanocrystalline material for current derivative sensors of magnets protection systems

• Mariano Pentella

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Magnetic properties of a nanocrystalline material for current derivative sensors of magnets protection systems

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ABSTRACT

Nanocrystalline materials are becoming ever more broadly used in transformer-based transducers due to their low losses, high relative permeability and high saturation flux density. In this paper, the magnetic characterization of one of these materials is presented by highlighting its influence on the performance of a current derivative sensor. This sensor was recently prototyped at CERN in the framework of the consolidation activity on the quench protection of superconducting magnets for the high-luminosity upgrade of the Large Hadron Collider. The performance is analyzed in terms of linearity and dynamic response.

PRESENTER

Mariano Pentella
Politecnico di Torino

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Design of High-speed ATE Calibration Equipment

• Yong Hu

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Design of High-speed ATE Calibration Equipment

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ABSTRACT

The calibration of Automated Test Equipment(ATE) is an important part of microelectronics measurement. To achieve full calibration of high-speed ATE, each high-speed digital channel should be traced to the calibration equipment. Calibrating each channel individually with an instrument will pose a great challenge to the calibration of ATE, and channel switching will increase a large amount of calibration time. This paper puts forward a design solution of calibration equipment of high-speed ATE, which can realize the versatility and portability of calibration equipment, and realize multichannel automatic calibration progress.

PRESENTER

Yong Hu
Wuhan Digital Engineering Institute

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Traceable electric current clamp meter calibration using current coil

• Marcelo Melo Costa

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Traceable electric current clamp meter calibration using current coil

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ABSTRACT

This paper presents a procedure for electric current clam p meters calibration in the range of 20 A to 1000 A, DC and low frequency, using a multifunction calibrator as working standard and a current coil for multiplication of the current generated by the calibrator. This proced ure is an alternative for cal i bration techn iques that employ high current sources and stan dar d curre nt transformers . S ome calibration results are presented and analysed. Measurement uncert ainty of about 2 x 10 3 at 200 A (60 Hz) for toroidal wound c lamp meter calibration can be obtained.

PRESENTER

Marcelo Melo Costa
Eletrobras Eletronorte

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FMEA for TCal: Risk Analysis in Compliance to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Requirements

• Marija Cundeva-Blajer

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FMEA for TCal: Risk Analysis in Compliance to EN ISO/IEC 17025:2017 Requirements

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ABSTRACT

Touchless Calibration (TCal) is introduced at XXII IMEKO Congress in Belfast (UK, 2018) as a future development in calibration metrology, and to be implemented in calibration laboratories which are EN ISO/IEC 17025:2017 accredited, with a need to be risk assessed. The chosen method for risk assessment originally applied in this contribution is FMEA, which is widely accepted in industries such as aviation and automotive. In this paper, the overall process of risk determination and FMEA analysis for metrology of electric quantities and its results are presented and discussed.

PRESENTER

Marija Cundeva-Blajer
Ss. Cyril and Methodius University in Skopje

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Traceability establishment in electrical calibration laboratory using reference digital multimeter

• Marcelo Melo Costa

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Traceability establishment in electrical calibration laboratory using reference digital multimeter

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ABSTRACT

This paper presents a strate gy for traceability establishment in a electrical calibration laboratory using a precison 8 ½ digit digital multimeter as reference standard The digital multimeter is calibrated by the National Metrology Laboratory or by an accredited laboratory, and some strategies to define the calibration plan considering the cha racteristics of the instrument, the scope of the calibration laboratory and the cost of the calibration are presented and discussed The goal of the calibration plan is to al low the reference multimeter to be used in every measu rement function and every range related to the calibration laboratory scope with guaranteed traceability and confidence ,so correction factors for every point can be estimated from the calibration points presented in the calibration report. Finally, a calibration report data from a reference digital multimeter is analysed and processed in order to estimate calibration curves and some examples are presented and discussed.

PRESENTER

Marcelo Melo Costa
Eletrobras Eletronorte

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System for Acoustic Detection

• Jakub Svatos

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System for Acoustic Detection

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ABSTRACT

At present, acoustic detection techniques of gunshots (gunshot detection) are increasingly being used not only for military applications but also for civilian purposes. Detection, localization, and classification of gunshots employing acoustic detection is perspective alternative to visual detection, which is commonly used. In certain situations, to detect a source of a gunshot, an automatic acoustic detection system may be preferable. This paper presents a system for acoustic detection, which can detect localize and classify acoustic events such as gunshots. Tested firearms are 9 mm short gun, 6.35 mm short gun, .22 short gun, and .22 rifle gun with various subsonic and supersonic ammunition. As “false alarms,” sets of different impulse acoustic events like door slams, breaking glass, etc. have been used. To successfully classify the tested acoustic signals, Continuous Wavelet and Mel Frequency Transformation methods have been used for the signal processing, and the fully two-layer connected neural network has been implemented. The results show that the acoustic detector can be used for reliable gunshot detection, localization, and classification.

PRESENTER

Jakub Svatos
CTU in Prague

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Assessment of a low-cost angle-meter based on resistance measurements

• Umberto Cesaro

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Assessment of a low-cost angle-meter based on resistance measurements

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ABSTRACT

In this work, an accurate, low-cost electronic angle-meter is designed, manufactured and metrologically characterized. The idea at the basis of the proposed electronic goniometer is to transduce the mechanical rotation into the variation of an electrical quantity, namely a resistance. Then, such a variation can be easily measured through a low-cost multimeter used as an ohmmeter. The metrological characterization of the prototype demonstrated that the proposed system can achieve an uncertainty as low as 1 with costs of an order of magnitude lower than devices currently available on the market. In practical applications, this device can be used for the metrological characterization of heading instrumentation thanks to an isolated rotating plate on which several devices can be placed.

PRESENTER

Umberto Cesaro
Università di Napoli Federico II

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Stochastic Two-bit On-line Temperature Measurement with RTD Pt-100 Sensor Operating in a Nonlinear Mode

• Platon Sovilj

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Stochastic Two-bit On-line Temperature Measurement with RTD Pt-100 Sensor Operating in a Nonlinear Mode

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ABSTRACT

The paper proposes a method and device for on-line temperature measurement with Pt-100 sensor operating in a nonlinear mode. The sensor measures the temperature in range of 00C to 2000C, whereas the measured data are processed by applying a two-bit stochastic digital measurement method. The proposal is theoretically analyzed and tested experimentally. It is shown that the accuracy of the method depends on the accuracy of the sensor. At a sampling frequency of 1 MHz, the maximum accuracy is reached in 17.5 sec. and is equal to 0.015% of full scale (FS). On the other hand, when the measurement time interval is 0.1 sec. (the shortest measurement interval), the accuracy is equal to 0.1% of FS. Therefore, the proposed device can be used for both calibration and measurement purposes.

PRESENTER

Platon Sovilj
University of Novi Sad

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Calibration Method of Bullet Speed Measuring Devices

• Zexin Guan

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Calibration Method of Bullet Speed Measuring Devices

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ABSTRACT

The bullet speed measuring device is an instrument for measuring the speed of bullets, which is widely used in public security systems, judicial identification departments, gun performance research i nstitutions, etc. For bullet speed measuring device s, speed is the most important parameter. This article provides a method for measuring the speed of a bullet speed measuring device and an analysis of the uncertainty in measurement . There are two method s to calibrate the speed: simulation method and live ammunition method. The simulation method selects a signal generator with a time base relative frequency deviation better than 5×10 8 for calibration, and the speed calibration range is (10~1000) m/s. The live ammunition shooting method uses a time interval measuring instrument with a time base relative frequency deviation better than 5×10 8 , and the speed calibration range is (40~250) m/s

PRESENTER

Zexin Guan
Shandong Provincial Key Laboratory of Metrology and Measurement

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Stability of AC current measurements using AC-DC shunts and the AC Quantum Voltmeter

• Damir Ilić

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Stability of AC current measurements using AC-DC shunts and the AC Quantum Voltmeter

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ABSTRACT

The experimental application of the AC Quantum Voltmeter, developed at PTB, for the calibration of a source (i.e. calibrator) or a meter (i.e. ammeter) at a low-frequency AC current is described in this paper. The current measurements (from 2 mA to 2 A) are based on the voltage drop generated on an AC-DC shunt and measured by the AC Quantum Voltmeter. To obtain uncertainties at uA/A level (i.e. ppm - parts per million), a self-heating of the shunt and careful settings of the measurement procedure should be considered. In this experiment, a Fluke 5720A1 calibrator is used as the current source. All measurements for this research have been done at a low frequency of 31.25 Hz, which is close to 50 Hz.

PRESENTER

Damir Ilić
University of Zagreb

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Alternative Method for Evaluation of Reference Value on COOMET Key Comparison for Power

• Oleh Velychko

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Alternative Method for Evaluation of Reference Value on COOMET Key Comparison for Power

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ABSTRACT

Particular interest is the question of the development and practical application of alternative methods for processing data of international comparisons. The paper is considered the alternative method for processing of international comparison results, which based on preference aggregation method. Processing of COOMET.EM-K5 key comparison data for power by the preferences aggregation method is presented. The results are compared with the traditional approach and the considered alternative method.

PRESENTER

Oleh Velychko
State Enterprise "Ukrmetrteststandard"

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Measurement comparison between a commercial high resistance bridge and validated systems at ultra-high resistance values

• Flavio Galliana

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Measurement comparison between a commercial high resistance bridge and validated systems at ultra-high resistance values

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ABSTRACT

At the National Institute of Metrological Research (INRIM) a comparison between the measurements of a commercial high resistance bridge and two validated high resistance methods from 100 GΩ to 1 PΩ has been performed. The systems showed satisfactory agreement except at 1 PΩ. The commercial bridge recently has been improved by means of a new software revised by the manufacturer according to the INRIM requests. This software allows the automatic calibration of the DC Voltage sources of the bridge, with a high precision DMM, taking into account these calibration results in the subsequent resistors calibrations. With the previous software version, bridge measurements at INRIM were limited at 10 TΩ. Also the bridge uncertainty specifications were updated, now being more reliable with respect to their first issue.

PRESENTER

Flavio Galliana
INRiM

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Evaluating Uncertainty of Alternating Current Reproduction Using National Standard

• Valentyn Isaiev

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Evaluating Uncertainty of Alternating Current Reproduction Using National Standard

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ABSTRACT

The research work was aimed at improvement of metrological service of Ukraine, i.e., to solve a problem of metrological support of the production and operation of the thermoelectric converters, precision meters and sources of alternating current. A method of comparing alternating current with equivalent direct current using the precision thermal converter and shunts was selected to build the standard, and the composition of the standard was established. A functional diagram of the standard was developed to disseminate an alternating current unit. The main sources of measurement uncertainty of this unit are a combination of Type B standard uncertainty of both a thermoelectric converter and a precision shunt. A contribution to combined measurement uncertainty of both the set of measures of electrical resistance and the meters of an output voltage of both a measure of electrical resistance and a thermal converter was analyzed.

PRESENTER

Valentyn Isaiev
ALL-UKRAINIAN RESEARCH AND PRODUCTION CENTER

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Study on the magnetic decoupling method of magnetic levitation support for interference spectrometers

• Chao Ding

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Study on the magnetic decoupling method of magnetic levitation support for interference spectrometers

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ABSTRACT

Interferometer spectrometer can change the optical path difference of lensby the constant motion of moving mirror, and optical path difference is used for qualitative and quantitative analysis of the function, so keeping uniform velocity and stability in the motion of the moving mirror has a great influence on accuracy and resolution of the spectrometer. In this paper, magnetic levitation device is used as the supporting system of the moving mirror, the motor of the voice coil is the driving system of the moving mirror and we studied the coupling between the two systems of controling the moving mirror. We support a method to analyze the magnetic field in moving mirror system, and decouple the current in the supporting system and driving system. The results show that the control current obtained by this method can effectively control the motion of the moving mirror and keep the moving mirror in a constants peed and stably during the movement.

PRESENTER

Chao Ding
Wuhan Digital Engineering Institute

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Low Frequency Bias-Induced Impedance

• Sioma Baltianski

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Low Frequency Bias-Induced Impedance

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ABSTRACT

The paper presents the previously unreported properties of current-carrying conductors in the low frequency region utilizing impedance spectroscopy. The studied objects have an additional low frequency impedance during the passage of an electric current. The bias-induced impedance (ZBI) is noticeably manifested in the range of 0.01 - 100 Hz and has either capacitive or inductive nature or both types, depending on the bias level (current density) and material types. The experiments in this work were done using wires made of pure metals, alloys, and non-metal conductors, such as graphite rods. These objects showed the ZBI-effect that distinguishes them from other objects, such as standard resistors of the same rating, in which this phenomenon does not occur. The ZBI-effect was modeled by equivalent circuits. Understanding the nature of this effect can give impetus to the development of a new type of instruments in various fields.

PRESENTER

Sioma Baltianski
Israel Institute of Technology

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Waveform recovery technique based on differential localization algorithm

• Yi Gu

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Waveform recovery technique based on differential localization algorithm

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ABSTRACT

During the measurement of transmission delay time in Automatic Test System, influenced by the boundary condition, the echo was partially lost, which directly affected the measurement result. By using differential positioning algorithm and implementing a supplementary measurement, the lost echo signal can be recovered,and the result of transmission delay time measurement can be accurately given. Through experiments, this paper proved that the differential positioning algorithm is feasible, and the results are accurate.

PRESENTER

Yi Gu
Wuhan Digital Engineering Institute

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Effect of noise and partial synchronization on amplitude measurement of multipl e Chirp Spread Spectrum signals

• Antonio Moschitta

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Effect of noise and partial synchronization on amplitude measurement of multipl e Chirp Spread Spectrum signals

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ABSTRACT

In this paper, simultaneous amplitude measurement of multiple Chirp Spread Spectrum (CSS) signals is discussed. CSS signals are assumed to be generated by digital devices whose clocks are not fully synchronized. The effects of incomplete synchronization and noise at the receiver side are investigated and discussed, assuming that the signals amplitudes are estimated using correlation techniques.

PRESENTER

Antonio Moschitta
Università degli Studi di Perugia

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Multilayer Case Influence upon SAR Evaluation

• Alexandru Salceanu

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Multilayer Case Influence upon SAR Evaluation

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ABSTRACT

The nowadays problem of human exposure to different types of electromagnetic field sources is a challenging one and should be considered an up to date issue due to actual trends, growth and progress of mobile communications technology. We have developed an experimental study over the measured values of specific absorption rate (SAR) for a new generation smartphone device, (frequencies in the range GSM-900 and GSM-1800), using a SATIMO-COMOSAR dosimetry system, provided by LICETER laboratory of ANCOM Romania. The measured SAR values have been compared (for the same exposure scenarios) with those obtained in the case when the mobile phone is protected by a multilayer case. Supplementary, a comparison of the SAR values obtained by direct measurements with those from international and local standards has been also done. Conclusions have been drawn for considered exposure scenarios cases.

PRESENTER

Alexandru Salceanu
Technical University "Gheorghe Asachi"

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KRONOS: a low-cost data-logger for seismological applications

• Giovanni Vitale

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KRONOS: a low-cost data-logger for seismological applications

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ABSTRACT

Modern seismology required high resolution, multichannel data-logger able to convert from analog to digital the signals acquired by multi-components broadband seismic sensors. Due to the high performance required, the high level of specialization and customization, and the limited market, a datalogger for seismological purposes is generally very expensive. In this paper we present a new 24 bit, 8 channels, 0.6 μV resolution data-logger called KRONOS, specifically designed for seismological applications and extensive use in seismic monitoring network. Project specifications are defined and laboratory test performed to determine the real resolution of the data-logger. The depth of knowledge of our data-logger performance, can allow us to configure it as best as possible as function of the input sensors, time to time, deciding the best compromise between sampling frequency and resolution as number of bits.

PRESENTER

Giovanni Vitale
INGV UNIPA

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Formations of Small Satellites to Realize Sensor Networks for Earth Observation

• Andreas Nuechter

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Formations of Small Satellites to Realize Sensor Networks for Earth Observation

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ABSTRACT

At the level of small satellites with a mass of a few kilograms all capabilities of self-organizing sensor networks for Earth observation can be realized. Photogrammetry methods enable sensor data fusion to generate 3-dimensional images of a target area. Here appropriate satellite position information in combination with attitude determination and control provides precision pointing accuracies to generate suitable input for subsequent data processing. This way, on small satellites efficient methods for distri-buted sensor systems in orbit can be implemented.

PRESENTER

Andreas Nuechter
Julius Maximilian University of Würzburg

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Real-time flood prediction using Recurrent Neural Networks and Random Forest

• Petar Sekulic

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Real-time flood prediction using Recurrent Neural Networks and Random Forest

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ABSTRACT

Floods are one of the most destructive natural disasters as they cause severe material damage and often the loss of human life. Predicting a flood is a challenging task and recent progress in this field was brought by machine learning (ML) models. This paper aims to discover a dependency between spatial and temporal data patterns about the ground and weather that will subsequently lead to the floods. Taking into account features deriving from remote sensing images and weather stations, the proposed algorithm aims to predict whether the flood will happen or not by using Recurrent Neural Networks and Random Forests methods. The algorithm could be considered as a starting point of the research related to prediction of other natural disasters, such as landslides, heavy rainfall, droughts, weather forecasting, etc. The future direction of research aims at improving the accuracy of the algorithm by employing a broader and more structured data set built from validated sources.

PRESENTER

Petar Sekulic
Omnitech S.r.l.

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Digital post-distortion of an ADC analog front-end for gamma spectroscopy measurements

• Tomasz Kowalski

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Digital post-distortion of an ADC analog front-end for gamma spectroscopy measurements

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ABSTRACT

This work presents the experimental characterization and digital post-distortion (i.e., digital linearization) of a MHz-range ADC analog front-end for gamma radiation spectroscopy measurements. The front-end was firstly characterized by means of a conventional approach yielding Total Harmonic Distortion (THD) and Effective Number Of Bits (ENOB). Then, it was tested using s-range pulsed excitations, which are the typical waveforms encountered in gamma spectroscopy. After applying digital post-distortion, the linearized receiver shows a THD reduced by more than 20 dB, a substantial improvement in ENOB, and a higher accuracy in the acquisition of pulsed waveforms.

PRESENTER

Tomasz Kowalski
Warsaw University of Technology

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A CS method for DAC nonlinearity testing

• Grazia Iadarola

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A CS method for DAC nonlinearity testing

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ABSTRACT

High resolution Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs) are known to be characterized by static testing procedures with a remarkable duration, due to the huge number of employed codes. This paper proposes a method that allows to reconstruct the Integral Non-Linearity through the Compressed Sensing, by measuring the DAC output on a reduced number of codes. The proposed reduced-code test is evaluated for several compression ratios, turning out well performing in terms of Root Mean Square Error.

PRESENTER

Grazia Iadarola
Università del Sannio

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Real time monitoring system of the electricity consumption in a household using NILM techniques

• Daniele Carta

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Real time monitoring system of the electricity consumption in a household using NILM techniques

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ABSTRACT

Non Intrusive Load Monitoring (NILM) allows providing appliance level electricity consumption information and decomposing the overall power consumption by using simple hardware (one sensor) with a suitable software. This paper presents a NILM based monitoring system suitable for a typical house. The proposed solution is a hybrid event detection approach including an event detection algorithm for devices with a finite number of states and an auxiliary algorithm for appliances characterized by complex patterns. First results show that the proposed approach works well in detecting and classifying what appliance is working and its consumption in complex household load dataset.

PRESENTER

Daniele Carta
Università degli Studi di Cagliari

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Underwater to above water LoRa transmission: technical issues and preliminary tests

• Irene Cappelli

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Underwater to above water LoRa transmission: technical issues and preliminary tests

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ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is to discuss the usability of Long Range (LoRa) communication technology for the transmission of data collected under fresh water to a Gateway positioned outside water. The technical feasibility of the LoRa transmission channel is discussed from a theoretical point of view, focusing on the definition of the link budget for the proposed scenario. The operation of a prototypal LoRa sensor node is then tested in a real scenario, analyzing the performances according to the different Spreading Factors (SF). Actual data transmission is achieved at a depth of 30 cm, thus suggesting the usage of such a technology for real time monitoring applications in environments, like swimming pools, rivers or fish farms.

PRESENTER

Irene Cappelli
Università di Siena

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Experimental Validation of a Double D Coil Simplified Mathematical Model

• Nicola Campagna

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Experimental Validation of a Double D Coil Simplified Mathematical Model

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ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is the experimental validation of a Double D coil simplified mathematical model for both static and dynamic inductive power transfer applications. The model is based on the principle of superposition to valuate parameters such as the auto-inductance of an IPT antenna by considering the coil as a finite number of elements. Then, experimental measurements are carried out to validate the model.

PRESENTER

Nicola Campagna
University of Palermo, Italy

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Pervasive environmental monitoring by means of self-powered Particulate Matter LoRaWAN sensor nodes

• Lorenzo Parri

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Pervasive environmental monitoring by means of self-powered Particulate Matter LoRaWAN sensor nodes

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ABSTRACT

The aim of this paper is to propose the architecture of a self-powered sensor node, to be deployed on means of transport to pervasively collect measurements of Particulate Matter (PM) concentration in urban areas. The sensor node is based on the use of low cost PM sensors and exploits LoRaWAN connectivity to remotely transfer the collected data. It is also provided with GPS localization features that allow to associate the measured values with the geographical coordinates of the sampling site. The system is also provided with an innovative, small-scale, solar-based powering solution that allows its energy-self sufficiency and then its functioning without the need for a connection to the power grid.

PRESENTER

Lorenzo Parri
University of Siena, Italy

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VNA-based broadband EVM measurement of an RF nonlinear PA under load mismatch conditions

• Gian Piero Gibiino

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VNA-based broadband EVM measurement of an RF nonlinear PA under load mismatch conditions

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ABSTRACT

In the context of modern communications systems operating at radio-frequency (RF), the error vector magnitude (EVM) is the most commonly adopted metric to quantify modulation distortion caused by a nonlinear device. While EVM is typically measured with instrumentation featuring broad acquisition bandwidth (BW), here we implement a method based on multiple narrowband vector network analyzer (VNA) acquisitions, allowing for improved measurement accuracy and for broader characterization BWs. We report the EVM characterization of a nonlinear RF power amplifier (PA), analyzing, in particular, the case of the PA cascaded with a linear network, under load mismatch conditions as imposed by a narrowband passive tuner.

PRESENTER

Gian Piero Gibiino
Università di Bologna

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Surface resistance scanner of the irregular pipe structures

• Kostiantyn Torokhtii

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Surface resistance scanner of the irregular pipe structures

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ABSTRACT

The surface resistance of the internal coating of pipes is an important characteristic which could indicate zones with the corrosion or leakages. In the particular case of particle accelerators, this parameter becomes even more important for the performance. We designed a scanning cell for the monitoring of the surface resistance along the whole pipe length. We show an example of the geometry optimization of the scanning cell for the octagonal shaped beam screen. Taking into account a TE011 operating mode we determine the geometry of the cell from the point of view of sensitivity and the resonant frequency of the operation.

PRESENTER

Kostiantyn Torokhtii
Università Roma Tre

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Dual frequency resonator for the correct determination of the in-field surface impedance frequency dependence of superconductors

• Nicola Pompeo

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Dual frequency resonator for the correct determination of the in-field surface impedance frequency dependence of superconductors

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ABSTRACT

In high frequency applications of superconductors, a relevant parameter used to synthetically describe their performances in terms of surface resistance (proportional to power losses) dependence on the operating frequency is the so-called pinning frequency vp. Customarily, high sensitivity resonant techniques, intrinsically operating at discrete frequencies, are used to estimate vp. By exploiting a dual frequency resonator, we show here that the inaccurate evaluation of vp in the common approach based on single-frequency measurements leads to heavy underestimations of the superconductor surface resistance.

PRESENTER

Nicola Pompeo
Università Roma Tre

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Development and metrological evaluation of a microstrip resonator for gas sensing applications

• Giovanni Gugliandolo

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Development and metrological evaluation of a microstrip resonator for gas sensing applications

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ABSTRACT

This paper is about the design and the realization of a one-port microwave microstrip resonator working in the frequency range from 3 GHz to 6 GHz and its metrological evaluation in order to be employed as a gas sensor. The prototype can be tailored towards a gas target by depositing an appropriate sensing layer of a nanostructured material. The sensor device is achieved by depositing the sensing material as film layer just on the gap of the resonator. Here, the analysis is focused on an Ag@α-Fe2O3 nanocomposite-based microstrip resonator used for sensing the relative humidity that is varied in the range from 0% to 75%. The increase of humidity value brings to a frequency shift in the two resonances observed in the measured reflection coefficient. The characteristics of the fabricated device suggest its promising use as humidity sensor.

PRESENTER

Giovanni Gugliandolo
University of Messina

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Split Ring Resonator for Complex Permittivity Measurement

• Erika Pittella

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Split Ring Resonator for Complex Permittivity Measurement

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ABSTRACT

A micro wave planar sensor based on a split ring resonator is proposed in order to measure the complex dielectric permittivity of material samples. The geometry of the sensor has been simulated and optimized by a commercial electromagnetic software. Simulations in the presence of the dielectric material sample show that the resonance frequency and quality factor are influenced by th e material in contact with the sensor itself. A linear r elation is obtained between sample loss tangent and the reciprocal of SRR quali ty factor. Measurements using high-purity grades liquids have been conducted through a vector network analyzer. A relationship between the resonance frequency and the sample permittivity has been found that is well approximated through a 2 parameter exponential. Finally, the model has been validated measuring the dielectric constant of a liquid by the Keysight High temperature probe kit.

PRESENTER

Erika Pittella
Pegaso University

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Power quality in DC railway system: A facility to characterize the on-board detection systems

• Domenico Giordano

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Power quality in DC railway system: A facility to characterize the on-board detection systems

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ABSTRACT

The liberalization of the railway market and the aim of fostering the interoperability among European countries makes the monitoring of the quality of the power (PQ) exchanged between trains and supply system even more important. At the moment, definitions, procedures and techniques for DC railway systems are under development. In this contest, the paper proposes a reference generation system able to reproduce the voltage and current waveforms experienced at pantograph by a DC 3 kV locomotive. The system is able to generate simultaneously voltage and current signals up to 10 kV peak and 1.2 kA peak respectively. The AC ripple which can be superimposed has a bandwidth of 30 kHz for the voltage and 600 Hz for the current. Moreover, it is able to reproduce several PQ events both with an accuracy, in the worst case of 1%.

PRESENTER

Domenico Giordano
INRiM

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Overview of the Requisites to Define Steady and Transient Power Quality Indexes for DC Grids

• Andrea Mariscotti

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Overview of the Requisites to Define Steady and Transient Power Quality Indexes for DC Grids

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ABSTRACT

The work gives an overview of Power Quality phenomena of DC grids, relevant with respect to normative requirements and impact on equipment. The objective is defining the minimum requisites to define suitable PQ indexes that are able to quantify the severity of the impact (interference to equipment, network instability, stress and aging of components), fulfil existing normative exigencies and propose improvements to existing standards.

PRESENTER

Andrea Mariscotti
Università di Genova

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Measuring the impact of reversible substations on energy efficiency in rail transport

• Giuliano Cipolletta

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Measuring the impact of reversible substations on energy efficiency in rail transport

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ABSTRACT

Nowadays great interest is placed on the environmental issue. Greenhouse gas emissions are more than 50% higher than in 1990. European energy policy has been supporting efficient energy management in order to reduce the railway transport emissions by 50% within 2030. The railway stakeholders are encouraged to adopt technological solutions to foster energy efficiency. The electrodynamic braking combined with the adoption of reversible substations is one of the most promising solutions. In order to evaluate the impact of this innovative technology, a measurement campaign has been conducted on Metro de Madrid where a reversible substation was installed. In this paper, a preliminary analysis on the data acquired is presented. Traceable and accurate on-board train measurements of the energy flows and the losses are fundamental to quantify the impact of these new technologies and to carry out a survey on the efficiencies of the different vehicle components and on the strategies to reduce the energy consumption in the various operation modes.

PRESENTER

Giuliano Cipolletta
Università Campania "L. Vanvitelli"

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A machine learning approach for evaluation of battery state of health

• Davide Aloisio

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A machine learning approach for evaluation of battery state of health

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ABSTRACT

Ageing estimation of lithium ion (Li-Ion) batteries is a key point for their massive application in the market. In this work, different Machine Learning (ML) techniques were applied and compared to evaluate the State of Health (SoH) of a cobalt based Li-Ion battery, cycled under a stationary application profile. Experimental results show that ML can be profitably used for SoH estimation.

PRESENTER

Davide Aloisio
CNR ITAE

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DC series arc faults in PV systems. Detection methods and experimental characterization

• Giuseppe Caravello

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DC series arc faults in PV systems. Detection methods and experimental characterization

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ABSTRACT

This work is focused on the arc faults phenomenon in DC photovoltaic (PV) systems. The paper gives an overview of arc detection methods proposed in literature and presents a preliminary experimental characterization of the arcing current , focusing the attention on series arcs , whose detection is particularly challenging . E xperimental tes ts are carried out , both in laboratory and on field, in order to investigate some relevant characteristics in the arcing current , which can be feasible for the arc detection purpose . B oth arcing and non arcing current signals are acquired and compared in both time and frequency domain . O n field measurements are carried out on a real photovolt ai c system, in accordance with the tests requirements of UL 1699B Standard for protection d evices against arc faults.

PRESENTER

Giuseppe Caravello
University of Palermo, Italy

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A Novel Recursive Analog to Digital Conversion Method

• Karsten Leitis

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A Novel Recursive Analog to Digital Conversion Method

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ABSTRACT

This paper presents a novel scheme for conversion of analog to digital signals. Applying a native conversion resolution of just one bit with only one comparator the converter is able to increase the resolution as it can be the case with dual slope or SD converters. The new concept is based on a recursive operation. Therefore the converter is named rADC - recursive ADC. By processing ten recursive cycles a 10 Bit 1 MSa/s test result has been achieved by simulation of a 180nm CMOS test circuit. The rADC components of the CMOS test circuit are a comparator, a S/H circuit, some gates, transmission gates and two resistors. By the means of a digital control sequence the upper and lower converter reference voltages are redefined in each cycle. As a result the number of cycles or iterations, respectively, determine the resolution of the recursive ADC.

PRESENTER

Karsten Leitis
THM

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A novel measurement method for DAC frequency response characterization

• Ioan Tudosa

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A novel measurement method for DAC frequency response characterization

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ABSTRACT

The paper proposes a novel measurement method for frequency response characterization of Digital-to-Analog Converters (DACs). The method uses a Compressive Sampling (CS) technique which exploits the sparsity of the DAC impulse response in the time domain. The mathematical formulation of the method and its preliminary simulation analyses are presented. The obtained results demonstrate that the proposed measurement method based on CS could benefit from a significant sampling rate reduction respect to the Nyquist one.

PRESENTER

Ioan Tudosa
University of Sannio, Italy

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Low Power Stochastic Sensor in IoT, IIoT and Industry 4.0 Environments

• Marjan Urekar

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Low Power Stochastic Sensor in IoT, IIoT and Industry 4.0 Environments

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ABSTRACT

The low-power stochastic sensor is proposed, and its suitability for operation in Internet of Things and Industrial Internet of Things for Industry 4.0 environments is emphasized. Unlike typical digital sensors, instead of a digitizing module, this sensor has a digital stochastic measurement module that enables low-power yet fast and accurate measurements. Assessment model includes test signal generator, the standard calibrator and the sensor prototype. Multi-channel and large sensor network applications in Industry 4.0 are considered, as well as cost-effective upgrades of the existing sensor networks and adaptability to changing requirements.

PRESENTER

Marjan Urekar
University of Novi Sad

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Precise Low Cost Method for Checking Accuracy of Current Transformers Calibration Unit

• Valentyn Isaiev

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Precise Low Cost Method for Checking Accuracy of Current Transformers Calibration Unit

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ABSTRACT

The paper presents a method for checking the accuracy of the commercial AC comparators used to calibrate current transformers. This method is simple and convenient and requires no special means of minimizing measurement uncertainty. Only conventional measuring instruments are used making this method cheaper for large amount s of laboratories. The analysis of the currents interrelation of a calibrated transformer and working standard allowed us to derive mathematical models of errors. The obtained models of the ratio error and phase displacement allow simulat ing different ratios of secondary currents . With the help of the proposed scheme one can investigate the correctness of comparator readout. The obtained expressions of sensitivity coefficients made it possible to estimate the measurement uncertainty of the simulated reference v alues . The results of simulating errors from 1 to 1200 ppm for ratio error and phase displacement are presented. Reference values were compared with those obtained using a commercial comparator.

PRESENTER

Valentyn Isaiev
ALL-UKRAINIAN RESEARCH AND PRODUCTION CENTER

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Compressive sampling–based vector signal analysis for distributed spectrum monitoring

• Francesco Picariello

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Compressive sampling–based vector signal analysis for distributed spectrum monitoring

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ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the application of Compressive Sampling (CS) for the realization of a Vector Signal Analyzer (VSA) node for distributed spectrum monitoring. Herein, the non-uniform sampling approach is proposed for the signal acquisition section of the node, under the assumption of sparsity of the acquired signal in the frequency domain. A simulation analysis has been conducted to assess several figures of merit, characterizing the performance in the frequency and modulation domains. The obtained results demonstrate that the CS could reduce the amount of acquired samples by a factor greater than 10, while still complying with the accuracy required by spectrum monitoring applications.

PRESENTER

Francesco Picariello
University of Sannio, Italy

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Measurement of Powerline Performance in Residential Context

• Andrea Fioravanti

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Measurement of Powerline Performance in Residential Context

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ABSTRACT

In recent years, Power Line Communication (PLC) has had a wide use in various contexts. PLC systems are non-invasive, low cost and combine electrical installation with network connectivity. By reducing installation time and costs, the PLC is a valid alternative to wireless technology. The electrical system is designed to meet the requirements in terms of installed power, connected loads, line length and cable section. Therefore, in a real context, the PLC performance can be influenced by the impedance of the communication channel, but also by the injection of harmonics into the electrical system, which reduce the signal-to-noise ratio. The purpose of this paper is to measure the performance of a PLC system in terms of the main parameters, such as bit rate, transmission time, retransmission packet, and others. The performance tests were carried out in a system that reproduces a domestic plant by means of concentrated impedances, to guarantee the repeatability of the tests and to allow easy modification of the power supply system. The loads are integrated in this system, to reproduce the real problems.

PRESENTER

Andrea Fioravanti
University of L'Aquila, Italy

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Low-Cost Energy Meter with Power Quality Functionalities

• Paolo Castello

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Low-Cost Energy Meter with Power Quality Functionalities

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ABSTRACT

Nowadays, due to the changes in the energy scenario, the awareness of the power quality of the consumers and producers at the distribution level is increasing. In this scenario, different energy meters with enhanced functionalities have been introduced in the market. Recently, the availability of development platforms based on a single-board computer (SBC) has opened the door to the implementation of new types of low-cost meters. The SBCs can be used in different applications, thanks to the expansion boards connected to the general-purpose input-output (GPIO) interfaces. In this way, the SBC platform can be adapted to various applications, as energy meter or data logger. Specifically targeted measurement algorithms have to be implemented to exploit properly the available hardware resources and achieve suitable performance. In this paper, an improvement of functionalities of the commercial open-source energy meter SmartPi, based on the well-known platform Raspberry Pi, is proposed. The original software of the smart meter is replaced to extend its functionalities of power quality monitoring provided by the integrated circuit Analog Device ADE7878.

PRESENTER

Paolo Castello
Università degli Studi di Cagliari

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Comparison of Correction Methods of Wind Speed for Performance

• Filippo Spertino

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Comparison of Correction Methods of Wind Speed for Performance

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ABSTRACT

The performance of horizontal axis wind turbines strongly depends on the speed of the wind that enters in the rotor of the turbine. Unfortunately, this quantity is rarely available since the wind speed is measured on the back of the turbine, where a lower value is present. For this reason, two correction methods are usually employed that require two input quantities: the wind speed on the back of the turbine nacelle and the wind speed detected by a meteorological station close to the investigated turbine. Since an anemometric station is not always available, a third method is here proposed that does not require this input quantity. The proposed method relies on the wind speed on the back of the turbine and the manufacturer power curve. The effectiveness of such a method is shown by comparison to the results obtained with the standard methods implemented on a wind power plant in Southern Italy.

PRESENTER

Filippo Spertino
Politecnico di Torino

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Automatic Station for Monitoring a Microgrid

• Gaetano Fulco

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Automatic Station for Monitoring a Microgrid

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ABSTRACT

In the last few years there have been several changes in the electric energy sector, because of the need to have ever more energy and at the same time to reduce polluting emissions. These needs have led to the diffusion of renewable sources for the production of energy, which are often distributed throughout the territory. The concept of electric network has changed, leading to the introduction of the smart grid, in which energy consumption and quality are important information that allow a better management of the energy flows. To support efficiently smart grids in the management of bidirectional flow among the various nodes, they are needed smart meters and energy management systems. This paper aims to describe the design of an automatic measuring station, capable of simultaneously monitoring data from different smart meters distributed within a microgrid. Data acquired can be analysed and used, with the necessary methodologies, to implement a smart management of the energy flows.

PRESENTER

Gaetano Fulco
Università di Reggio Calabria

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DMPPT experimental demonstration unit based on Buck converter

• Marco Balato

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DMPPT experimental demonstration unit based on Buck converter

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ABSTRACT

Distributed Maximum Power Point Tracking (DMPPT) technique represents the most promising solution to enhance the lackluster energetic performance of the mismatched PhotoVoltaic (PV) systems. Despite that, there are several factors which restrict its performance some of which are still to be explored. To fully understand the advantages offered by the DMPPT solution, the implementation of a DMPPT emulator is necessary. Based on the above needs, this paper describes the realization and use of a DMPPT experimental demonstration unit based on the Buck DC/DC converter. The above device is capable to emulate the output current vs. voltage (I-V) characteristics of many commercial PV modules with a dedicated Buck DC/DC converter not only in controlled atmospheric conditions but also with different currents rating of the switching devices. The system implementation is based on a commercial power supply controlled by a low-cost Arduino board. Data acquisition is performed through a low-cost current and voltage sensor by using a multichannel board by National Instruments. Experimental results confirm the validity and potential of the proposed DMPPT emulator.

PRESENTER

Marco Balato
University of Napoli Federico II, Italy

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A coaxial cryogenic probe for quantum Hall effect measurements in the AC regime

• Luca Callegaro

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A coaxial cryogenic probe for quantum Hall effect measurements in the AC regime

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ABSTRACT

The quantum Hall effect is the basis for the realisation of the resistance and impedance units in the revised International System of units of 2019. This paper describes a cryogenic probe that allows to set graphene Hall devices in quantisation conditions in a helium bath (4:2K) and magnetic fields up to 6T, to perform precision measurements in the ac regime with impedance bridges. The probe has a full coaxial wiring, isolated from the probe structure, and holds the device in a TO-8 socket. First characterisation experiments are reported on a GaAs device which shows quantisation at 5:5T.

PRESENTER

Luca Callegaro
INRiM, Italy

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The quantum limit to incoherent imaging is achieved by linear interferometry

• Cosmo Lupo

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The quantum limit to incoherent imaging is achieved by linear interferometry

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ABSTRACT

We address the problem of estimating the three-dimensional positions of NS weak incoherent point-like emitters in an arbitrary spatial configuration. We show that a structured measurement strategy in which a passive linear interferometer feeds into an array of photo-detectors is always optimal for this estimation problem, in the sense that it saturates the quantum Cramér-Rao bound. This work provides insights into the phenomenon of super-resolution through incoherent imaging that has attracted much attention recently. Our results may find applications over a broad spectrum of frequencies, from fluorescence microscopy to stellar interferometry.

PRESENTER

Cosmo Lupo
University of Sheffield

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Weak Measurements for Reutilizing Entanglement

• Giulio Foletto

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Weak Measurements for Reutilizing Entanglement

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ABSTRACT

Weak measurements are a relevant tool for quantum information because they allow tuning the disturbance on the observed state and the amount of information extracted from it. They can be used to harness repeatedly a quantum resource from the same state, thus boosting the performance of many protocols. We verified experimentally that sequences of weak measurements can generate correlations strong enough to violate the CHSH inequality multiple times, and yet can leave the state entangled enough for the next CHSH test. This means that entanglement can be certified and utilized more times, which is important for fundamental tests of quantum theory and above all for deviceindependent quantum information.

PRESENTER

Giulio Foletto
Università degli Studi di Padova

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Effect of cross-talk on conditional measurements performed with multi-pixel photon counters

• Giovanni Chesi

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Effect of cross-talk on conditional measurements performed with multi-pixel photon counters

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ABSTRACT

We investigate the role of the optical crosstalk in the conditional measurements performed on quantum states of light. In particular, we analyze how the statistics of the conditional states are affected by cross-talk by retrieving their first and second moments and we test the sub-Poissonianity of the state by evaluating the Fano factor.

PRESENTER

Giovanni Chesi
Università degli Studi di Pavia

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Manipulating non-classical correlations via inhomogeneous Quantum Walks

• Alessandro Laneve

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Manipulating non-classical correlations via inhomogeneous Quantum Walks

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ABSTRACT

Genuine quantum features are useful resources for quantum-enhanced operations, such as quantum communication or quantum measurement protocols. In particular, particle indistinguishability plays a fundamental role in photon bunching and in the generation of a peculiar type of entanglement. The quantification of indistinguishability, and the way to describe it as a resource, is not straightforward, neither a way to describe the dynamics of such a quantity. A method to witness indistinguishability of a photon pair passing through a Discrete Time Quantum Walk (DTQW), has been identified, also providing evidence of the fact that indistinguishability is sensitive to evolution inhomogeneities and that, by controlling the inhomogeneity pattern, it is possible to manipulate the nonclassical correlations present in the system and to produce optimal output states for different kinds of tasks, such as quantum-enhanced measurement protocols.

PRESENTER

Alessandro Laneve
Sapienza Università di Roma

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Quantum two-phase estimation inside a photonic integrated device

• Mauro Valeri

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Quantum two-phase estimation inside a photonic integrated device

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ABSTRACT

Quantum Metrology aims at exploiting quantum resources to enhance the performances in measuring physical quantities. Photonic implementation easily allows the experimental investigation of these tasks. This work presents a photonic device able to demonstrate quantum simultaneous estimation of optical phases, surpassing results achieving by classical strategies. The chip realizes a reconfigurable threemode interferometer, fabricated by using the advanced femtosecond laser writing technique. The high degree of tunability is given by the presence of optical phase shifters, which makes the device useful both for investigating multiparameter quantum metrology, and for studying how machine learning techniques can improve the learning process.

PRESENTER

Mauro Valeri
University of Rome La Sapienza

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High sensitivity Nitrogen-Vacancy-assisted magnetic/electric field sensing at INRIM

• Paolo Traina

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High sensitivity Nitrogen-Vacancy-assisted magnetic/electric field sensing at INRIM

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ABSTRACT

Nitrogen-vacancy centers in diamond allow measurement of enviromental properties such as magnetic and electric fields at nanoscale. The working principle is based on the measurement of the resonance frequency shift of Nitrogen-vacancy centers, detected by monitoring the photoluminescence of one single center or an ensemble of them. Here we present a high sensitivity magnetometry technique, based on lock-in detection, with particular features required for biological applications.

PRESENTER

Paolo Traina
INRiM

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Experimental investigation of anomalous diffusion via coherent disordered Quantum Walks

• Andrea Geraldi

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Experimental investigation of anomalous diffusion via coherent disordered Quantum Walks

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ABSTRACT

Anomalous diffusion consists of the nonlinear spread of the position probability distribution of a moving particle over time. The simulation and study of such a behaviour are becoming more and more important because of its relevance in many natural phenomena, for instance in the transport of heat excitation in a 1-D metal lattice and particle movement near manybody localization transitions. In the present work, we show that, by introducing disorder in a quantum walk (QW), it is possible to precisely control walker’s spread along the evolution and to reproduce anomalous diffusion. We experimentally implemented two different setups to study subdiffusive and superdiffusive behaviours of the walker. This study could be the starting point to shed light on the physical phenomena underlying anomalous diffusion.

PRESENTER

Andrea Geraldi
University of Rome "La Sapienza"

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Doppler Estimation and Correction in Underwater Industrial Internet of Things

• Concetta Baldone

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Doppler Estimation and Correction in Underwater Industrial Internet of Things

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ABSTRACT

Emerging industrial applications in underwater settings (e.g. oil & gas, fisheries) are usually based on acoustic signals which suffer significant Doppler effect distortions. Indeed, waves, currents, and tides may cause unintentional transmitter/receiver motion (drifting) as well as changes in the physical properties and spatial variations of the channel itself. In this paper, we study how to correct Doppler effects in JANUS transmissions, a widely used standard for underwater IIoT. In particular, we exploit the JANUS preamble, composed of an m-sequence of 32 pseudo-random symbols, to estimate and compensate the Doppler effect, without requiring any modification to the standard. The proposed method is validated using Watermark simulator.

PRESENTER

Concetta Baldone
University of Palermo

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A new Fog-enabled Wireless Sensor Network architecture for Industrial Internet of Things applications

• Zakaria Benomar

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A new Fog-enabled Wireless Sensor Network architecture for Industrial Internet of Things applications

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ABSTRACT

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have gained considerable popularity in industrial applications and are widely used nowadays in several industrial monitoring and control systems. To process and store the huge amount of data WSNs generate, most of the solutions opt for the Cloud approach as it provides suitable capabilities to deal with 'Big Data' scenarios. However, as discussed in this paper, Cloud-based solutions have several drawbacks, e.g. latency and security, to name just a few. To overcome these drawbacks, we propose a system meant for monitoring of industrial assets based on the Fog computing paradigm. As shown in this paper, the proposed solution provides better performance in terms of reliability/accuracy and allows full control over the sensor nodes. The system provides also the ability to rapidly program the Fog nodes and update their business logic. Finally, the advantages of the proposed Fog-based solution are discussed considering a real-world industrial application scenario.

PRESENTER

Zakaria Benomar
University of Messina

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Testing Wearable IoT Applications through Sensor Virtualization

• Daniele Peri

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Testing Wearable IoT Applications through Sensor Virtualization

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ABSTRACT

The development of distributed IoT applications requires the integration of data provided by different sensors embedded in multiple devices. As an example, an application for health monitoring in an assisted living scenario may include several wearable and fixed nodes each carrying different sensors and running specific code. Verifying that the application is properly working according to the specifications requires assessing that the code of each node behaves consistently in all the possible use cases. Tests involving sensor data may be difficult or costly to replicate realistically and this could also slow down the development of the application in its early stages. In this paper we introduce a tool that allows developers of IoT distributed applications to test the interoperability of code running on heterogeneous IoT devices through sensor virtualization. We show the feasibility of the approach in a case study of an application involving a wearable device and a single-board computer connected through Bluetooth Low Energy.

PRESENTER

Daniele Peri
University of Palermo

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Reliability measurements of an Augmented Reality-based 4.0 system for supporting workmen in handmade assembly

• Unregistered User

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Reliability measurements of an Augmented Reality-based 4.0 system for supporting workmen in handmade assembly

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ABSTRACT

The 4.0 paradigm has diffused across many sectors in a number of technological application fields, from industry to healthcare and constructions, and also to immaterial contexts, such as social events. The relevant enabling technologies of this paradigm are declined to adhere to the requirements of the specific field. Because 4.0 is often associated with technological advancement, in the literature, little attention has been dedicated to the adoption of 4.0 technologies in sectors that are not 'intrinsically technological'. Starting from these considerations, the goal of this work is to address the possibility of extending the 4.0 Era paradigm also to fields that, by definition, are not technology-oriented, such as the craft sector. In particular, as a case study, the adoption of augmented reality (AR) to administer instructions to a workman in the manual assembly of a product is addressed. In line with the 4.0 paradigm, a dedicated workman-centered, AR application was designed, implemented and tested. As a case study, the manual assembly of a mechanical clock was considered. After describing the design strategies and the implementation modalities, experimental tests were carried out to measure the reliability of the AR-based system.

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Unregistered User
None

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An Accurate Measurement Procedure of Power Losses Variations in Electrical Drives

• Claudio Nevoloso

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An Accurate Measurement Procedure of Power Losses Variations in Electrical Drives

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ABSTRACT

This paper presents a general procedure for the accurate measurement of power losses variations in electrical drives. More specifically, the paper addresses the issue related to the efficiency comparison of electrical drive controlled with different control algorithms. This procedure is applied to a permanent magnet synchronous motor drive, assessing its power losses by means of two different measurement systems, each one characterized by different accuracy and cost. The comparison between these two systems is carried out for different working conditions in terms of load, speed and magnetization in order to demonstrate that the power losses variations can be accurately measured even with not expensive instrumentation.

PRESENTER

Claudio Nevoloso
University of Palermo

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Identification of Equivalent Circuit of Transformer Insulation Parameters Assisted by Constrained GA&PSO Algorithms

• Giuseppe Marsala

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Identification of Equivalent Circuit of Transformer Insulation Parameters Assisted by Constrained GA&PSO Algorithms

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ABSTRACT

Power transformer is a very valuable device of electrical transmission and distribution networks . The life of a power transformer mainly depends on th e insulation system conditions A non destructive method used for monitoring this sys tem is the Recovery Voltage Measurement (RVM), which allows estimating the polarization spectrum Mathematical models of this spectrum are used to better understand the physical insulation properties in response to moisture and aging. These model s are ofte n used to identify the equivalent circuit of the insulation system. The parameters estimation of this circuit can be performed in different stage s of the life of the transformer by RVM measured results In this paper the authors present two constrained op timization methods based on the heuristic algorithms GA and PSO to solve the parameter estimation problem. The performances of the two different approaches are compared.

PRESENTER

Giuseppe Marsala
CNR-INM

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Comparison of normative limits for electromagnetic emissions of electric machines and drives to use in different applications

• Andrea Mariscotti

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Comparison of normative limits for electromagnetic emissions of electric machines and drives to use in different applications

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ABSTRACT

Electric machines and power drives of various sizes and ratings are fundamental elements in many applications, such as electric appliances, electric propulsion, medical systems, all with specific limits of electromagnetic emissions, different from those of the original EMC product standards. As compliance should be assessed and guaranteed during design and procurement, this work compares the conducted and radiated emission limits and discusses the variability of results for the respective test setups and measurement methods, including the most relevant source of uncertainty.

PRESENTER

Andrea Mariscotti
Università di Genova

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Experimental Investigation on High-Efficiency Control Algorithms for Three-phase Induction Motors

• Massimo Caruso

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Experimental Investigation on High-Efficiency Control Algorithms for Three-phase Induction Motors

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ABSTRACT

This paper presents an experimental investigation regarding the power losses variations occurring in three-phase induction motors (IMs) as a function of the magnetization level of the machine. More in detail, the power losses identification is obtained by changing in real-time the working operating conditions of the IM drive and the IM reference flux. The sets of measurements are carried out by setting up a test bench and the obtained results confirm that the power losses occurring in induction motors can be minimized by adequately setting the direct axis current component for each IM working condition. This research represents the starting point for the conception of advanced real-time loss model control algorithms capable of enhancing the efficiency of the IM drive.

PRESENTER

Massimo Caruso
University of Palermo

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Transit Time Measurement of a Pressure Wave through an elastic tube based on LVDT sensors

• Federica Vurchio

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Transit Time Measurement of a Pressure Wave through an elastic tube based on LVDT sensors

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ABSTRACT

Transit time is the propagation time of a pressure wave travelling between two sites in a medium. Such parameter is mainly implied in the biomedical field as a surrogate for the estimation of important markers of the cardiovascular system (e.g. blood pressure and arterial stiffness). The non-invasive transit time measurement is commonly used in clinical practice because it allows the continuous recording and monitoring of blood pressure. The development of an in vitro system able to reproduce the main cardiovascular characteristics is of primary importance for further investigations of the relationship between transit time and the arterial stiffness in order to predict the cardiovascular risk factors. The present work focuses on the development of a LVDT-based experimental set-up able to simulate transit time variations due to transmural pressure changes on an elastic tube. As validated in in vivo measurements, transit time and maximum radial tube displacement increment decrease with decreasing transmural pressure.

PRESENTER

Federica Vurchio
Università Roma Tre

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A comparison among three different image analysis methods for the displacement measurement in a novel MEMS device

• Federica Vurchio

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A comparison among three different image analysis methods for the displacement measurement in a novel MEMS device

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ABSTRACT

The functional characterization of MEMS devices is of great importance today, since it has the purpose both of verifying the behavior of these devices and of improving their future design. In this regard, the main topic of this study is the functional characterization of a microgripper prototype, a MEMS suitable in biomedical applications: to this aim, the measurement of the angular displacement of its comb-drive (capacitive electrostatic actuator that allows its movement) is provided by means of two novel automatic procedures, based on an image analysis software, the SURF-based (Speeded Up Robust Features) and the FFT-based (Fast Fourier Transform) method respectively. A preliminary comparison has been made, also with a previous semiautomatic method, to evaluate which of them is the best suitable for the functional characterization of the microgripper, highlighting their main advantages and limitations. The results obtained from the SURF-based method are promising; the curve obtained from the data showed a quadratic trend in agreement with both the analytical model and with the results obtained through the semi-automatic method. Moreover, the measurement obtained by the SURF-based method are affected by less than 0.2° uncertainty, that is less than one half of the measurement uncertainty due to the FFT-based algorithm.

PRESENTER

Federica Vurchio
Università Roma Tre

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A preliminary study on a novel method for Depth of Penetration measurement in Ultrasound Quality Assessment

• Giorgia Fiori

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A preliminary study on a novel method for Depth of Penetration measurement in Ultrasound Quality Assessment

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ABSTRACT

The maximum Ultrasound (US) Depth of Penetration (DoP) is one of the most important parameters related to medical US systems sensitivity. DoP is also suitable for characterizing those systems since it is usually measured in routine quality controls (QC) of ultrasound scanners. In common practice, DoP assessment is carried on visually and may be affected by various external factors, such as the operator related errors. To minimize these errors, image analysis algorithms have been proposed even if without a complete performance assessment. In the present work, a novel method for the automatic determination of DoP and its measurement uncertainty is proposed: it is based on the Signal to Noise Ratio (SNR) estimation, evaluated from a US phantom and in-air clips, and has been applied on a diagnostic system equipped with three different US probes (vector, convex and linear array) with similar general settings. The results have been compared with the outcomes of both a different automatic approach (already proposed in literature) and a standard procedure based on the scores provided by 5 independent observers. Despite a good agreement has been found among them, the novel method proposed requires both lower acquisition and computational time as well as a lower computational cost, confirming the convenience of an in-depth study on the topic in the next future.

PRESENTER

Giorgia Fiori
Università degli Studi Roma Tre

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Lowest Detectable Signal in medical PW Doppler Quality Control by means of a commercial Flow Phantom: a case study

• Giorgia Fiori

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Lowest Detectable Signal in medical PW Doppler Quality Control by means of a commercial Flow Phantom: a case study

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ABSTRACT

PW Doppler Ultrasound (US) is commonly used in clinical practice for cardiovascular applications. Nowadays, the performances of a Doppler system are difficult to assess because a shared worldwide standard is lacking. This work aims at giving a contribution in the field, by defining a new index for PW Doppler Quality Control (QC) by using a commercial flow phantom, namely, the Lowest Detectable Signal in the spectrogram image, which scientific literature referred to as an index of PW Doppler sensitivity. A novel automatic algorithm for the estimation of such an index has been developed and validated through the results comparison with an observer judgement. Finally, a Monte Carlo Simulation has been carried out for the uncertainty analysis and robustness testing.

PRESENTER

Giorgia Fiori
Università degli Studi Roma Tre

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A preliminary study on the importance of normalization methods in Infrared Micro-Spectroscopy for biomedical applications

• Andrea Zancla

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A preliminary study on the importance of normalization methods in Infrared Micro-Spectroscopy for biomedical applications

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ABSTRACT

Fourier transformed infrared (FT-IR) micro spectroscopy has become a reliable, non-destructive and automatic tool to analyze the chemical differences in biological samples associated with healthy or diseased states for diagnostic or biomedical research purpose. To extract useful information from the huge number of spectra usually recorded, statistical multivariate analysis is applied and careful data pre-treatment to reduce or eliminate possible sources of error is necessary. In this regard, a quantitative criterion to evaluate the performance of different methods applied in the most sensitive pre-processing step, normalization, is proposed here. This could constitute a promising approach for validating the significance of chemical variations in complex samples of biomedical interest.

PRESENTER

Andrea Zancla
University Roma Tre

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Disposable label – free immunosensor on screen – printed electrodes for the detection of Aflatoxin B1 in food

• Francesca Malvano

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Disposable label – free immunosensor on screen – printed electrodes for the detection of Aflatoxin B1 in food

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ABSTRACT

An impedimetric label – free immunosensor on disposable screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) for Aflatoxin B1 detection has been developed in this work. SPCE surface was modified with gold nanoparticles and the monoclonal anti-AFB1 was immobilized on the working electrode through a cysteamine layer. After each coating step, the modified surface was characterized by Cyclic Voltammetry and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy. The charge transfer resistance (Rct) was chosen as the best parameter that describes the reproducible change in electrical properties of the electrode surface at different AFB1 concentrations and it was used to investigate the analytical parameters of the developed immunosensor. Under optimized conditions, the immunosensor showed a linear relationship between 0.01 and 4 ng/mL with a low detection limit of 0.01 ng/mL, making it suitable to detect AFB1 amount in many common food products. Lastly, the immunosensor was used to measure AFB1 in nuts samples with good results.

PRESENTER

Francesca Malvano
Università degli Studi di Salerno

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Sensors to safeguard quality in the conservation of sicilian extra virgin olive oil

• Diego Planeta

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Sensors to safeguard quality in the conservation of sicilian extra virgin olive oil

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ABSTRACT

The production of olive oil in Sicily, in recent decades, has implemented the use of technologies that have as their main objective the sustainable safeguarding of food quality. Food quality both from the point of view of the transformation process, and from the point of view of product conservation, from olive oil is not a simple condiment but involves important nutritional attentions with health implications. The preservation of bottled olive oil is fundamental in order to improve the life cycle of the product after its transformation, in shelf life. The parameters observed during the observed conservation and storage period; temperature and relative humidity. The information collected is transmitted via data logger for the storage of data, entered and processed, in order to identify particular details and therefore to intervene in the thermoconditioning system. During the conservation period, the main qualitative parameters of the bottled extra virgin olive oil are analyzed by means of chemical analyzes from monovarietals.

PRESENTER

Diego Planeta
University of Palermo

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Implementation of a wireless instrumented sphere for fruit processing

• Eliseo Roma

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Implementation of a wireless instrumented sphere for fruit processing

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ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to implement a wireless instrumented sphere to study the critical points in a citrus packing line by real time measuring the impacts experienced by fruits. The non commercial device was based on a MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) sensor node with a sensing range from 1 g to 400 g (g = 9.8 m s 2 ), a ferro electric RAM (FRAM) memory, a radio frequency (RF) transmitter, a microcontroller, and a 75 mAh lithium battery. The sensor node was placed inside a n appropriate case with a total weight of 100 g to represent a 'Tardivo di Ciaculli' mandarin. An FR receiver allowed real time transmission of the measured data. Total acceleration values, representing the stresses experienced by fruit, were studied. The results showed that total acceleration remained below 20 g in mo st of the measurements, but considerably higher values, up to 80 g, were obtained between the brushing and waxing machines.

PRESENTER

Eliseo Roma
University of Palermo

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Electrical characterization of a monitoring system for precision farming under temperature stress

• Gabriele Patrizi

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Electrical characterization of a monitoring system for precision farming under temperature stress

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ABSTRACT

Precision farming is based on monitoring environmental conditions and soil parameter to improve productivity, to optimize soil conservation, to save water and to limit plant diseases. Wireless sensor networks are an optimal solution to implement this monitoring process, covering large area and ensuring fault tolerance. Currently, there are no international standards that deal with environmental testing of Wireless Sensor Networks; therefore a customized test plan was developed basing on a step stress test from 20 °C to 80 °C, with 5 °C steps. The objective of the analysis was to investigate the effects of raised temperature on the performances of a self-designed sensor node. A customized measurement set-up is presented in this paper to test electrical and electronic performances of the node under thermal stress.

PRESENTER

Gabriele Patrizi
Università di Firenze

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The color of dried fruit through the color analysis sensor

• Diego Planeta

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The color of dried fruit through the color analysis sensor

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ABSTRACT

The consumption of dried fruit in the world, primarily almonds from hazelnuts followed by walnuts and pistachios, has increased exponentially in recent decades and has increased especially in the past year. The consumer directs his choice of consumption ondried fruit, not only from his taste preferences but also from the color of the packaged product. To determine the color with a fast method is fundamental for a commercial success of the product.

PRESENTER

Diego Planeta
University of Palermo

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